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Steel wire rope
1. Fault Analysis
During the operation of a steel wire rope, the force conditions of each wire rope are very complex. Due to the different positions of each steel wire in the rope, some are on the outer layer and some on the inner layer. Even under the simplest tensile force, the force distribution between each steel wire rope is different. In addition, when the steel wire rope passes over the drum or pulley, it generates bending stress, squeezing force between the wires, etc. Therefore, it is relatively difficult to accurately calculate its force. Generally, the static calculation method is adopted.
The maximum static tensile force in the steel wire rope shall meet the requirements of the following formula:
Pmax≤Pd/n
In the formula: Pmax - The maximum static stress that the steel wire rope can withstand during operation;
Pd - Breaking stress of steel wire rope
n - Safety factor.
Pmax = (Q + Q)/(eta) a.
In the formula: Q - the rated lifting capacity of the crane;
q - Weight of the hook assembly
a - The total number of rope branches carried by the pulley block;
η - The total efficiency of the pulley block.
The calculation formula for the maximum allowable working tensile force of the steel wire rope is: P=Pd/n
In the formula: P - The rated maximum static stress of the steel wire rope during operation
P≥Pmax is safe. From this, it can be known that the main reason for the breakage of the steel wire rope is overloading, and it is also related to the number of times it is wound through the pulley and drum. Each time it is wound, the steel wire rope undergoes a process of changing from straight to curved and then from curved to straight. The more times it is wound, the more prone it is to damage and breakage. Secondly, the breakage of the steel wire rope is related to the diameter of the pulley and drum it passes over, the working environment, the type of work, and the maintenance condition.
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